工作面談「問」與「答」(7)
郭曼麗
(作者為紐約州勞工廳就業服務處法拉盛辦公室華人專員)
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關於「自己弱點」的問題
當你被問這個問題時，第一個要知道的觀念是: 主試者並不是要你否定自己，他其實是要知道你的缺點是否會影響到工作，所以你可以強調這一點。第二個觀念是要把這個題目變成正面的回答。在回答這個問題時，不能說自己沒有缺點，因為只要是人都會有缺點。回答這個問題要提出一個無傷大雅的缺點，或是其實是個優點的缺點，然後要強調自己體認到這個缺點，而且在改進中。在過去許多教導面談技巧的專家教人說自己最大的缺點是個perfectionist(完美主義者)，以表示自己做事太要求完美，但是現在專家勸告不要用這個作為答案，因為心理學家認為這是一種缺乏安全感的病態。
1. What are some of your weaknesses? (你的一些弱點是甚麼?)
2. What is your greatest weakness? (你的最大的弱點是甚麼?)
3. What are your greatest weaknesses? (你的一些最大的弱點是甚麼?)
4. What do you think is your major weakness? (你的主要的弱點是甚麼?)
5. What would you say is the biggest problem you've so far failed to overcome?
• I have so many ideas that sometimes I don't know where to start first. (我有太多的主意，以至於有時候不知何處著手。)
• I'm sure we all have some developmental areas we should be aware of, but I must say, as I understand them, your needs and priorities play to my strengths, not my soft spots. I don't think there are any fundamental issues that would affect my ability to perform well in this position. (我確信我們都有需要再發展的地方，但當我很清楚我的缺點時，我必須要說: 你的需要和優先順序是與我的長處相合，不是我的短處。我不認為有任何重要的問題會影響到我在這個工作上的表現。)
• I would say my greatest weakness have been my lack of proper planning in the past. I would overcome myself with too many variant tasks, then not be able to fully accomplish each as I would like. However, since I've come to recognize that weakness, I've taken steps to correct it. For example, I now carry a planning calendar in my pocket so that I can plan all of my appointments and "to do" items. (我要說我最大的弱點是: 我過去缺乏適當的計劃。我總是強制自己接下太多不同的工作，然後不能完全完成每個工作。
不過，我自己體認出這個缺點，已經採取步驟改正。例如: 我現在攜帶計劃行事曆在口袋裡，所以我可以計劃所有約會和要做的事。)
• I had difficulty working with people who didn't pull their weight. I had high standard for my work and I expected others to have high standards too. I'm learning to speak up and request that others contribute more completely long before I start getting angry about a situation that is unequal. (我過去和那些不盡本份的一起工作有困難，我對工作有很高的標準，我也期待別人有高標準。我現在學習對於一個不平等的情況，在生氣之前，早早說出來，要求別人也要多作貢獻。)
• I'm often too careful about my work. Sometimes I work late to get my job done right.(我常常太介意我的工作，有時候我加班把事情做好。)
• I tend to ask questions about what I am told to do so I can be sure I will do it right.(我常問很多問題關於我被要求做的工作，以確定我可以把事做好)
• I was impatient with delays. I try to better understand every step of the process a product must go through so I can anticipate holdups. (我過去對遲延很沒有耐心，我現在試著瞭解生產的每一個步驟，所以可以預期一些不順利的情況。)
• I had a tendency to take on too much myself. I'm trying to solve this problem by delegating more.(我有包攬太多事情的傾向，我現在試著分出去一些，來解決這個問題。)
與這個問題相關的還有:
1. What is the biggest failure you've had in your career?
. . What steps have you taken to make sure something like that doesn't happen again?
. . (你事業中最大的失敗是甚麼你採取了甚麼步驟以確定類似的事不會再發生)
2. What's the worst decision you ever made? (你曾作過最糟的決定是甚麼?)
3. What would you say is the biggest problem you've so far failed to overcome?
. . (甚麼是到目前為止你最大的不能克服的的問題?)
關於「離開原職」的原因
不論您離職的原因是甚麼，絕對不能批評以前的公司，要針對未來，以正面的方式來敘述。不要用「fired」這個字，這個字通常是指犯錯而被解雇，最好用「laid off」或「position was cut」表示因為職位沒有了而裁員的。
1. Why did you leave your previous/last job? (你為甚麼離開前一家公司?)
2. Why are you leaving your current position? (你為甚麼要離目前的職位?)
3. Why are you considering leaving your present job? (你為甚麼考慮離開現在的公司?)
• I left my job because I would like more challenge to grow. (我離職是因為我希望多些挑戰以成長)
• I left my job because I would like to grow and develop further in my field. (我離職是因為我希望成長，在我的行業裡進一步發展。)
• I left my job because my company downsized. (我離職是因為我公司縮小編制。)
• I left my job because another company merged and took over our company. (我離職因為公司合併，他們接收了我們的公司。)
• I left my job because I wasn't able to grow professionally in that position. (我離職是因為我在那個職位不能成長。)
• I left the job because the commute was unreasonably long. (我離職是因為通勤時間過長。)
• I left the job because there was nowhere for me to go. I have the talent, but there were too many people ahead of me. (我離職是因為那裡我沒有晉升的機會。我有才分，但是太多人在我前面。)
• I left the job because I was underpaid for my skills and contribution. (我離職是因為以我的技能和貢獻，我的薪水該高一些。)
• I left the job because I wanted to be with a better company. (我離職是因為我希望到好一點的公司。)
• I left the job because the company was not stable. (我離職是因為那家公司不穩定。)
• My last company was a family-owned affair. I had gone as far as I was able. It just seemed time for me to join a more prestigious company and accept greater challenges. (我工作的前一家公司是家族式的公司，我已到達極限了。我覺得是我加入較為有名望的公司，接受較大挑戰的時候了。)
另外的一些理由還有: general layoff(一般性的裁員), job was temporary(工作是暫時性的), moved to a new area(公司搬到新地區), company went out of business(公司結束營業), no room for advancement(沒有發展的空間), wanted a job that would better use my skills(要一個比較可以使用我的技能的工作).
「曾經被解雇過」的問題
如果有因過失被解雇過，一定要誠實承認錯誤，並且要強調你由其中所得到的教訓。
Have your ever been fired? If so, why? 你曾因犯過而被解雇過嗎? 如果有，是甚麼理由?
• I'm sorry to say, but I deserved it. I was having some personal problem at the time, and I let them affect my work. I was late to work and lost my motivation. My supervisor had directions to trim the workforce anyway, and as I was hired only a couple of years ago. I was one of the first group to go. (我很遺憾我有，但我是罪有應得。那段時間我有一些個人問題，影響到我的工作，我上班遲到而且提不起勁工作。我的上司要削簡人力，而我只不過被雇用幾年，所以我就第一批被裁員了。)
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